![]() We will focus our discussion on two kinds of objects that can be found in the cultural heritage field: artefacts that had their surface material altered due to prolonged exposure to the environment and artefacts that have been gilded. The chosen approach will be in line with certain issues considered important in archaeometry nevertheless the presented findings are valid beyond this. This work aims to expose various details, including the strengths and the weaknesses of typical XRF analyses in the case of surface alterations, focusing on portable implementations. Quantitative analyses can be performed under the assumption that the sample is homogeneous and its surface material is the same as in the rest of the object. This enables qualitative (elemental analysis) and quantitative (chemical composition) information retrieval from the objects of interest. The X-ray fluorescence ( XRF) technique is a popular choice in the archaeometric field for in situ investigations with portable instrumentations. Their importance has long been recognised in the archaeometric field where art historians, conservators and restorers perform analyses on art works without causing any damage and without the need to move the objects to specialized laboratories. Portable instruments that can perform non-destructive analysis techniques are of great importance due to their high applicability, which can extend beyond the controlled laboratory environment. Limitations of portable XRF implementations in evaluating depth information: an archaeometric perspective This system gets rid of radionuclide sources, making its use and carry safe and convenient The capabilities for matrix effect correction and data processing are enhanced. With this system, multielements can be determined with the detection limits of less than 20 μg/g for the elements with medium or lower atomic numbers, one order of magnitude or more lower than those of the current portable XRF analyzers. On the basis, a field, highly sensitive XRF system is constituted. Microcomputerization based on a notebook computer is realized. A low dissipative 1024 channel analyzer, fitting to high resolution detectors, is prepared. A miniature, low power X-ray tube excitation source is developed. Li Guodong Jia Wenyi Zhou Rongsheng Tang Hongįocused on the problems of low sensitivity, poor detection limits, small number of determined elements and poor ability of matrix effect correction of the current field- portable X-ray fluorescence ( XRF) analyzers, research work on key units of excitation source, detector, measurement circuit and microcomputerization is carried out. International Nuclear Information System (INIS) Research on key techniques in portable XRF analyzers
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